Allergies

Allergies are immune system reactions to substances that are usually harmless to most people. These substances, called allergens, can trigger symptoms ranging from mild to severe.

Common Allergens

• Pollen
• Dust mites
• Animal dander
• Foods (e.g., nuts, shellfish, eggs)
• Insect stings
• Medications

Symptoms

• Sneezing
• Itching (eyes, nose, skin)
• Runny or blocked nose
• Swelling
• Hives or rash
• Wheezing or difficulty breathing (in severe cases)

Diagnosis

• Medical history and symptom review
• Allergy testing (skin prick tests, blood tests)

Treatment

• Avoiding known allergens
• Antihistamines and other allergy medications
• Allergy shots (immunotherapy) for some cases
• Emergency treatment (e.g., epinephrine) for severe reactions

When to Seek Help

Consult a healthcare provider if you:

• Have persistent or severe allergy symptoms
• Experience difficulty breathing or swelling of the face/throat (call emergency services)
• Need advice on managing allergies

Where to Get Help

• Your GP (doctor)
• Allergy specialist (immunologist)
• Emergency services (for severe reactions)

If you would like this information in an accessible format, please email: betterhealthchannel@dhhs.vic.gov.au