Ageing - muscles, bones and joints

As we age, our muscles, bones, and joints undergo changes that can affect strength, flexibility, and overall mobility. Understanding these changes can help in maintaining musculoskeletal health.

Changes with Age

Muscles

• Muscle mass and strength decrease with age (sarcopenia).
• Reduced physical activity can accelerate muscle loss.

Bones

• Bone density decreases, increasing the risk of fractures (osteoporosis).
• Bones become more brittle and less resilient.

Joints

• Cartilage wears down, leading to stiffness and pain (osteoarthritis).
• Reduced joint flexibility can limit mobility.

Maintaining Musculoskeletal Health

1. Regular Exercise: Engage in weight-bearing and resistance exercises to strengthen muscles and bones.
2. Healthy Diet: Ensure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D for bone health.
3. Good Posture: Maintain proper posture to reduce strain on muscles and joints.
4. Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol: These can weaken bones and muscles.
5. Regular Check-Ups: Monitor bone density and joint health with your doctor.

Common Conditions

• Osteoporosis: A condition where bones become weak and brittle.
• Arthritis: Inflammation of the joints causing pain and stiffness.
• Sarcopenia: Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

• Persistent joint pain or stiffness.
• Frequent fractures or bone pain.
• Difficulty performing daily activities due to muscle weakness.

Where to Get Help

• Your GP (doctor)
• Physiotherapist
• Dietitian
• Specialist clinics for osteoporosis or arthritis

If you would like this information in an accessible format, please email: betterhealthchannel@dhhs.vic.gov.au