Age and Fertility

Age is a significant factor affecting fertility for both men and women. Understanding how age impacts fertility can help individuals make informed decisions about family planning.

Fertility in Women

• Women are born with a finite number of eggs.
• Fertility peaks in the late teens to late 20s.
• A significant decline in fertility occurs after age 35.
• By age 40, the chances of natural conception are significantly reduced.

Fertility in Men

• Sperm quality and quantity decline with age.
• Men over 40 may experience reduced fertility and increased risk of genetic abnormalities in offspring.

Factors Affecting Fertility

• Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity can negatively impact fertility.
• Medical Conditions: Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis can affect fertility.
• Environmental Factors: Exposure to toxins and radiation can reduce fertility.

Options for Managing Age-Related Fertility Decline

1. Fertility Preservation: Options like egg or sperm freezing can help preserve fertility for the future.
2. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART): Techniques like in vitro fertilization (IVF) can assist with conception.
3. Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking, and reducing alcohol intake can improve fertility.

When to Seek Help

Consult a healthcare provider if you:

• Are under 35 and have been trying to conceive for over a year.
• Are over 35 and have been trying to conceive for six months.
• Have a medical condition that may affect fertility.

Where to Get Help

• Your GP (doctor)
• Fertility specialists
• Reproductive health clinics

If you would like this information in an accessible format, please email: betterhealthchannel@dhhs.vic.gov.au