Adhesions

Adhesions are bands of scar tissue that form between organs or tissues, causing them to stick together. They can develop after surgery, infection, or inflammation and may lead to complications such as pain or bowel obstruction.

Causes

• Surgery (e.g., abdominal or pelvic surgery)
• Infections (e.g., pelvic inflammatory disease)
• Inflammation (e.g., endometriosis or appendicitis)
• Radiation therapy

Symptoms

• Chronic pain, especially in the abdomen or pelvis
• Bowel obstruction (e.g., nausea, vomiting, or constipation)
• Infertility in women (if adhesions affect the reproductive organs)

Diagnosis

To diagnose adhesions, your doctor may:

• Take a medical history and perform a physical exam.
• Order imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI (though adhesions are often not visible on imaging).
• Perform diagnostic laparoscopy to directly visualize the adhesions.

Treatment

Non-Surgical Options

• Pain management with medications.
• Physical therapy to improve mobility and reduce discomfort.

Surgical Options

• Adhesiolysis: A surgical procedure to cut and remove adhesions. This is usually done laparoscopically.
• Surgery is considered if adhesions cause severe symptoms or complications like bowel obstruction.

Prevention

• Minimizing tissue handling during surgery.
• Using adhesion barriers during surgical procedures.
• Prompt treatment of infections and inflammation.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

• Persistent or severe abdominal or pelvic pain.
• Symptoms of bowel obstruction, such as nausea, vomiting, or inability to pass gas.
• Difficulty conceiving, which may indicate adhesions affecting the reproductive organs.

Where to Get Help

• Your GP (doctor)
• Gastroenterologist
• Gynecologist
• Surgeon

If you would like this information in an accessible format, please email: betterhealthchannel@dhhs.vic.gov.au