Acoustic Neuroma

Acoustic neuroma is a non-cancerous tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve, which connects the ear to the brain. It can affect hearing and balance and may require treatment depending on its size and symptoms.

Symptoms

• Gradual hearing loss in one ear
• Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)
• Balance problems or dizziness
• Facial numbness or weakness (in rare cases)

Causes

• The exact cause is unknown.
• It is associated with a genetic condition called neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) in some cases.

Diagnosis

To diagnose acoustic neuroma, your doctor may:

• Perform a hearing test (audiometry).
• Order imaging tests like MRI or CT scans to detect the tumor.

Treatment

Monitoring

• Small tumors with no symptoms may be monitored with regular imaging and hearing tests.

Surgery

• Surgery may be required to remove larger tumors or those causing significant symptoms.
• Risks include hearing loss and facial nerve damage.

Radiation Therapy

• Stereotactic radiosurgery (e.g., Gamma Knife) can shrink the tumor and preserve surrounding structures.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

• Persistent hearing loss or tinnitus in one ear.
• Balance problems or unexplained dizziness.
• Facial numbness or weakness.

Where to Get Help

• Your GP (doctor)
• Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist
• Neurologist

If you would like this information in an accessible format, please email: betterhealthchannel@dhhs.vic.gov.au